Corporate Body - Juzgado Especial de la Dirección General de Correos y Telecomunicación (España)

Juzgado Especial de la Dirección General de Correos y Telecomunicación (España)

Identification

Type:

Corporate Body

Preferred form:

Juzgado Especial de la Dirección General de Correos y Telecomunicación (España)Other forms

Fechas de Existencia:

from 1939 to 1976

History:

One of the consequences of the Spanish Civil War were the political purges initiated by the public civil servants of both sides since the outbreak of the strife within their respective areas. This task was originally entrusted to the respective military authorities, and a Special Military Court for the Vetting of Public Servants was set up in the Audit of the Occupation Army. The speech of the military jurisdiction on the civil servants was not incompatible with the civil jurisdiction, or rather administrative, in conformity with specific courts specialized in public administration, which examined the ideology of the accused, as well as their employment behavior throughout the conflict. Whilst the military judges were entitled to impose criminal sanctions, such as detention, the latter imposed mere disciplinary sanctions, among which the maximum punishment was the permanent dismissal from service. These administrative courts were originally created by the Technical Board of the State, and they further existed during the establishment of Franco's first government in January 1938. In this sense, the Law of 10 February 1939 systemized the regulation for the vetting of public servants, upon the National Army's arrival in Barcelona. Article 1 of the Law laid down the establishment of a court, one for each ministry of government administration, in order to investigate the workers' conduct and to ensure that the staff that will be in charge of Spanish administration was faithful to the political principles of the National Movement. As many courts as the existing directorate-generals were set up in the Ministry of the Interior, such as Security, Health and Post, which are considered herein. Directly reliant upon the Director-General for Post and Telecommunication, the court for vetting, originally based in Valladolid and relocated to the former Palace of Communication in Madrid, was split into two departments, one for each branch, and such operating communication service companies as Telefónica were under the purview of its administrative jurisdiction. There were three special judges between 1939 and 1941: Jerónimo Maíllo Sánchez, Luis Alonso Luengo and Leopoldo Duque Estévez, former judges of first instance. Attenuated the repression, instruction judge and judge of first instance Gonzalo Queipo de Llano y Buitrón, nephew of the general Queipo de Llano, held the office. The special judges appointed instruction judges among some of the public servants of Post Offices who either had legal education or experience in the processing of disciplinary files. There were originally 5 instruction judges until reduced to a single judge in 1942, when the total of cases resolved amounted to 98%. The court for vetting, moreover, relied on the services of a secretariat, whose main duty was the coordination of instructing courts performance. The secretariat operated hand in hand with the Headquarters of Postal Information, ascribed to the Department of Personnel. Despite the fact that the vetting court of Correos dismissed and penalized 4,555 people, which amounts to 34,63% of public servants, the court remained operative for a few decades and processed the requests of review denied. In 1967, the court chaired by Vicente Sancho Artola, while the chairman of Correos (Spanish Post Office) was León Herrera Esteban, issued resolutions in favor of readmission requests. The Decree 3357/75 of 5 December repealed the former Law of 1939, and ordered the ex officio review. The Royal Decree on amnesty 10/76 of 10 July concluded the readmission process of the personnel that had been punished by the Dictatorship 40 years earlier.

Primer franquismo, 1939-1959

Date of the event: 1939 - 1959

 
Spanish Civil War, 1936-1939

Date of the event: 1936 - 1939

 
Segundo franquismo, 1959-1975

Date of the event: 1959 - 1975