Person
Duque Cuadrado, José (1908-?)Other forms
Collado Villalba (Madrid, España) 1908-12-04 - desconocida
Spanish trade unionist that was exiled. He was born in Villalba (Madrid) in 1908, was member of a humble family and son of a railroad worker. He had seven siblings and his mother died when he was still a kid. He lived in different places of Spain due to his father's work. When he finished his basic studies at the age of 13, he began working in many jobs and with bosses that approached him to knowledge and culture. He moved to Zaragoza in 1927 and came into contact with anarchist ideas, took part in strikes and was imprisoned in 1932 and 1935. He joined the National Confederation of Labor (CNT) and was editor of "Cultura y Acción" newspaper. He left the CNT and entered the "Movimiento Trentista" and also collaborated with "Cultura Libertaria" newspaper.
During General Berenguer's government, Duque stood out as active member in the construction labor union. He joined the Communist Party in 1934 and was sent to Madrid by the Party in 1936. When the Spanish Civil War started, he was sent to Aragón in order to take care of the Party's organization in the area. He was arrested in Caspe by the anarchists. However, his friend Joaquín Ascaso freed him from Caspe's jail. He was designated Counsellor of the Council of Aragon.
He married in 1937 and had two children, one of them was born in Gerona and the other one in France. He left Spain with XII Military Corps the 13th October 1939, when the War was almost over, and entered Agde concentration camp. He fell ill and was sent to a hospital in Béziers, south of France. He got tickets for him and his family, that got reunited in Bordeaux. He went aboard "Mexique" ship as responsible of the communists groups that traveled in the boat.
He went to Mexico City 15 days after arrving to Veracruz, but moved again to Guadalajara, where they settled for 32 years. He worked in newspapers and in "González Porto" publishing house as proofreader. He abandoned the Communist Party in 1945 and had no relevant political activity ever since.
Date of the event: 1936 - 1939
Date of the event: 1939 - 1942
. Pla Brugat, Dolores. Catálogo del fondo de historia oral : refugiados españoles en México : Archivo de la Palabra. 1ª ed.. Dolores Pla Brugat (coordinadora). México D.F.: Instituto Nacional de Antropología e Historia. 2011. 1 CD-ROM. 978-607-484-184-8.
Duque, José. Pla Brugat, Dolores. Proyecto de Historia Oral "Refugiados Españoles en México", Archivo de la Palabra, Instituto Nacional de Antropología e Historia (INAH), México : entrevista a José Duque. realizada por Dolores Pla [para el Instituto Nacional de Antropología e Historia En Colaboración Con el Ministerio de Cultura de España]. [s.L.: S.N.]: 1979]. 224 H..