Corporate Body
Comisión Internacional contra el Régimen ConcentracionarioOther forms
from 1949 to 1959
The International Commission against the Concentrative Regime (CICRC) was an intergovernmental organization founded at the end of 1949 with the purpose of eradicating the spaces of massive confinement of people that existed in Europe after the Second World War, especially in the Soviet Union. Its main promoter was the Frenchman David Rousset (1912-1997), journalist and survivor of the Nazi concentration camp in Buchenwald. In November 1949, Rousset published in the weekly Le Figaro littéraire a call to the former deportees of the Nazi camps and their associations to join the complaint against the correctional labor camps of the Soviet Union, that is, the known Gulag . It proposed the creation of an international commission of inquiry composed of former deportees to verify whether forced labor was an inherent component of the Soviet regime, equating it with the Nazi. Rousset's initiative was strongly criticized by the French Communist Party, which saw this measure as another piece of the Truman doctrine in the containment, discrediting and isolation of the communist parties of Western Europe, despite the fact that they had broad parliamentary representations.In 1950, the CICRC established its statutes in The Hague, adding representatives of different European countries: Belgium, Holland, France, West Germany, Norway and Republican Spain. It was determined that research commissions would be formed that could visit those countries where there was certainty or suspicion of these repressive practices of totalitarian regimes, regardless of their ideological link, which put countries like Spain on the agenda.
In October 1950 there was a second meeting in Brussels to obtain the status of an international organization under the protection of the United Nations Economic and Social Council, within which the United Nations Human Rights Commission operated.After the reports of the Commission on the Soviet Union, which had a deep impact, the work focused on Greece and Spain, whose governments, after their respective civil wars, were suspected by European public opinion of maintaining concentration camps as a method of repression against broad layers of population. But also about the repressive policy deployed by France in its Protectorate of Tunisia, in the middle of the struggle for its independence. In 1953 they saw the light of white papers that came to denounce the prison treatment of these countries. In 1957, after an extensive report on the situation in the People's Republic of China, the commission again focused on the response of the French State to the Algerian independence movement, but no final report was reached. In fact, the activity of the Commission and Rousset in this area ended in 1959, when Saturne, its monthly newspaper, stopped publishing.
The importance of the Commission in the defense of Human Rights in the period of the Cold War was undeniable. From its reports, the United Nations elaborated some minimum rules for the treatment of prisoners (1955), because the prisoners have human rights, independently of the causes of their imprisonment.